Luke 10:21 “At that time Jesus, full of joy through the Holy Spirit, said, ‘I praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth.’”
Let me begin immediately by looking at the striking words with which this text begins.
1. OUR LORD WAS FULL OF JOY THROUGH THE HOLY SPIRIT.
Too much has been made of the fact that Jesus is never said to have smiled or laughed. That fact has been linked to his description as ‘a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief.’ The picture is developed making Jesus’ life joyless and stressful. That is a gross over-simplification. For one thing, a joyless life would have been a sinful life. Jesus would have been guilty of the worry he forbade in others. Again, he would have fallen short of his servant Paul’s attainment as someone who’d learned to be content whatever the circumstances. Aren’t we told to ‘rejoice always’ and wasn’t that Jesus’ obligation too? Could he have been filled with the Spirit and yet not have known the Spirit’s joy? Could he have given rest and relief to others while remaining depressed himself? Leonard Cohen has a line in his recent concerts when, between numbers, he casually tells the audience that he has studied the world’s great religions. Then he pauses and adds, “but cheerfulness kept breaking through.” ‘All religions makes you depressed,’ he’s saying, ‘but a band and pop music . . . the great antidote to despair.’ Get real, Cohen. We Christians are not the ones who’re having to imbibe drugs to get happy. That’s you scene not ours. I’m no fan of religion. Man’s religions have been his greatest crimes. If I spent months studying religions then I’d certainly be depressed. To me life is the person of the Lord Christ. The joy of grace through Jesus Christ delivers me from living an unhappy life. I live a real life and so it is a joyful life.
In our text the Lord Jesus is described as ‘full of joy’ (the verb used is to exult, to be ecstatically happy). In John 15:11 Jesus refers to his own joy: ‘I have told you this so that my joy may be in you and that your joy may be complete.’ This clearly implies that the joy Jesus shares with his disciples is, in the first instance, his own personal joyfulness. That is based on his sense of the Father’s love and approval, and his obedience to the Father’s commands. So he had no guilt whatsoever; no sense of shame that we all know as a grievous counterpoise to our best joys. There is a similar reference to his joy in his great High Priestly prayer, “I am coming to you now, but I say these things while I am still in the world, so that they may have the full measure of my joy within them” (Jn. 17:13).Think of it, that in the Upper Room, after the first Lord’s Supper, and before his arrest and crucifixion, he is praying that his boys should be joyful people. Our joy as Christians is that important.
There can be little doubt that, apart from the brief and intense moment of dereliction on Calvary, Jesus was serene; Jesus was a contented man. He could rejoice in everything that his Father was; he meditated on God as an object of wonder and admiration. “He delighted in his Father’s love and constant help and presence. He marveled at the beauties and glories of his Father’s creation. He rejoiced in doing his Father’s will and in promoting his glory. “He rejoiced in saving his people and in the friendship, company and conversation of those the Father had given to be with him. What joy he had in anticipating his return to the glory he had with the Father ‘before the world began’ (Jn. 17:5). And there was the joy set before him. Such joy was an indispensable element in the psychology of his obedience. He served not as a slave but as a Son” (D. Macleod, The Person of Christ, IVP, 1998, p.171).
This is the Jesus of the gospels, and so this is the Jesus we meet with day by day and especially when we gather in his name, for he is the same today as he was yesterday – this joyful Jesus. Let me turn it this way: what is one of the most beautiful features that we told about him? We are told that he ‘went about doing good.’ There’s that satisfying delight in being a blessing to others. When our Lord had healed a lame man and that person jumped and leaped for joy didn’t our Lord rejoice with him? When the blind saw and their faces lit up at the sight of their loved ones that couldn’t but have gladdened the heart of Jesus. He was no stoic. I will tell you the way to a happy future. It lies in doing good to others, serving others, not standing on a stage making sarcastic comments about happiness delivering you from becoming a Christian. So at the centre of the Christian faith is a perfectly blessed Lord. This is the one whom God anointed with the oil of gladness above his fellows. When we hear someone say, “I am the happiest man in the world” then we must inwardly smile and say to ourselves, “No. The Lord Jesus was and remains the happiest person in the universe today.” The incarnation of heavenly joy is seated in the midst of the throne. It is sin that makes us unhappy, but Jesus had none of that shame. He was holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners and full of heavenly joy. He was the most blessed man who has ever been or who ever will be.
However, my point now is how remarkable it is that our text should be the one and only recorded statement of Jesus being full of joy. The word used here is quite emphatic, as I’ve said. It signifies exuberant ecstasy, leaping for joy. It is the word that we find in his mother Mary’s song, “My spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.” In other words Jesus did not look like one of those Italian impressions of him, a lined heavy face, downcast eyes, gaunt, bearing the weight of the world. Jesus in agony, Jesus on the cross, Jesus with all the marks of physical torture, sweating the bloody sweat, crowned with thorns, pierced by nails, swollen with blows, broken in anguish; that time would come, but it was not here. He was always serious, of course, and what a grace that is, but it is quite possible to be serious and also to be rejoicing in God.
Here we are presented with a Jesus whose hearers would sigh to one another, “I wish I had his joy and peace.” I cannot see how children would be attracted to him if he were a gloomy and brooding man. Would the mothers of children have taken them to some sourpuss? I talked to a preacher on Sunday and he said how much he rejoiced when he was a young teenager to hear that it was Derek Swann or Andrew Anderson who was preaching in his church because he knew he wouldn’t be frightened by them. Again I ask would Jesus have been continually invited to feasts and weddings if he were a wet blanket? Isn’t he positively contrasted with John the Baptist who lived in the deserts and ate locusts and honey and dressed in a rough cloak made out of camel’s hair? Jesus told his disciples that it was not appropriate for them while he was in their midst to be men who fasted. It would have been as unacceptable as you refusing to eat the fine food offered to you in a wedding breakfast, a snub to your host and a dampener on the delight of the happy pair who are getting married. Religion never was designed to make our pleasures less.
Let me turn it this way, that if our Lord found heavenly fountains at which he was refreshed during his life then shouldn’t we find them too? Aren’t there places where we can be revived and can sing? Bunyan tells us that there are wonderful views of glory to be obtained from the Delectable Mountains. There are times when we can see the towers of the heavenly Jerusalem and long to be there? I am talking about moments of high assurance of faith. Jesus is the joy of our gatherings. His presence ministering to us lifts our spirits; mere men can’t do that. I can’t do it to you; no human engineering can achieve this, not our clever devices. It is the joy of heaven to earth come down that does it. It is Christ meeting with those who gather in his name. None can cheer the heart like Jesus by his presence all divine; he revives us; his joy is our strength. This is expressed in one of my favourite hymns of John Newton
How tedious and tasteless the hours,
When Jesus no longer I see;
Sweet prospects, sweet birds and sweet flowers
Have lost all their sweetness with me;
The midsummer sun shines but dim;
The fields strive in vain to look gay;
But when I am happy in him
December’s as pleasant as May. (John Newton, Works, Vol. 3, p.358).
Jesus Christ the joy giver. Also we are told that Jesus rejoiced in spirit. Now the N.I.V. takes this to refer to the ministry of the Holy Spirit and it tells us that Jesus rejoiced through God the Spirit, but there is an ambiguity in the original Greek and I like such ambiguities to be present also in every translation. We are told simply that Jesus rejoiced in the spirit, and this could refer to the very centre of his being, that from his heart of hearts there were ripples of joy that filled every part of him, that there was nothing superficial and external about this joy. This was joy of the fullest, truest, deepest sort. This may be what we are being told here, or that the N.I.V. translation is right and that there was a special dimension of God the Holy Spirit about his joy on this occasion. If that is the meaning then it is so Trinitarian isn’t it? God the Son, by the encouragement of God the Spirit, rejoices in God the Father. I had great delight on Saturday last at the 40th birthday celebrations of my youngest son-in-law Ian. I would hesitate to say that that was joy in the Holy Ghost, though of course the Spirit of God was present with us. However, there are times when I have the privilege of magnifying Christ in this pulpit, or when I hear my brothers praying at the Lord’s Supper standing each side of me and we give out the bread and wine, and then the joy I may know on such occasions as those have a dimension of heaven and the Holy Ghost about it.
However, the ultimate fascination of these verses lies in this, that the actual theme that created such measureless joy in our Lord’s spirit is revealed to us. Why was he by the Holy Spirit filled with joy?
2. OUR LORD REJOICED IN THE SOVEREIGNTY OF GOD.
“I praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth,” (v.21). Jesus knew that God was his heavenly Father. His joy was rooted in his trust in God. He kept trusting in God through thick and thin. He had total peace about this reality, that he could look into the smiling face of the God of the universe and call him ‘Abba Father.’ He knew with confidence that he was God’s holy child, and we can know that too. “I praise you;” I, so small and insignificant, with my brief life, who spring up in the morning, mature by noon and die by nightfall: God, measureless in power and grace, without rivals, without beginning or end of days, limited only by his own will to do anything, Creator and Sustainer of all we see (and vast recesses of the cosmos that we cannot see and struggle to imagine), all have been made by him. Yet I, a speck, can address the Almighty and call him my Father praising and rejoicing in him, and he hears me! He is pleased with my delight! That is the foundation of joy; no joy without that.
Our Father is Lord of heaven and earth, of all things above and below, of the flight of angels and the trajectory of a sparrow. He orders all things everywhere according to the good pleasure of his will. He is never arbitrary, never unjust, never tyrannical, and yet he is absolute and uncontrolled. No one slaps his hand and says, “Don’t!” He is the sovereign Lord. There is not one maverick molecule in the universe that exists independent of him. If it did, then he could not be Lord of all. I would fly to the heights of heaven and, standing on a star, would declare that he is the absolute sovereign of everything that lies beneath those heights. He can do with them and in them and for them all he determines to do, and none can prevent him or challenge him. He can be trusted as he exercises his absolute sovereignty because his is an infinite love. I am saying to you that when Christ was filled with the spirit of joy then he ascribed that joy to this confidence, that his Father was the Lord of heaven and earth.
This is not a mere honorary title like the ‘Duchess of Cornwall’ or ‘Lord Snowdon’; God is the absolute owner and ultimate disposer of all that he has made. Being lord of heaven and earth is not referring to some general influence that he has in heaven and earth but he actually rules in them both. What he says goes both above and below. He is Lord of heaven, that is, over an innumerable company of angels, and the spirits of just men made perfect. Every single one in heaven does his will so that we often pray, “thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven.” When the angels gather before him each day to receive their instruction then all of them without exception delight to do whatsoever he says. But also on this fallen planet he is working out his purpose. Far sooner the sun stand still than God be hindered in his purposes for our world. The demons are chained in their intention to destroy us. Evil men can do their worst only with his permission. The chief priests and Pilate could not have crucified his dear Son without God allowing it to happen. Paul’s beatings and stonings and lashes were all permitted by God or they wouldn’t have occurred. God was not responsible for them – no way! God can do no evil. Men freely did such wickedness, but God put a restraint on how Paul was tortured until Paul’s work was over. God is in charge of our world. The winds are his messengers, the flaming fire is his servant; no natural occurrence is independent of him; prosperity is his gift; if calamity comes upon a man then it is the Lord who has done it. He raises up and he casts down; he opens the heart and hardens it.
He is the Lord of heaven and earth, with a universal and absolute sovereignty, but it is not a sovereignty of blind power. It is coupled to infinite wisdom, holiness and love. So here we have our Lord, full of joy through the Holy Spirit and Jesus is rejoicing from the reality that he shares with every child of God that, “Our God reigns!” Our Lord knew God was in charge and had delight in it. If evil man were planning his crucifixion then God was still in charge. Jesus could rejoice that the devil had not pushed God off his throne and that he was torturing Jesus, No. Who would not rejoice in the reality of our lives being under the control of a loving heavenly Father? No one rejoices in fate. It is impersonal and you accept it. Who would not prefer to have all his or her affairs in the hands of a personal God of infinite power, wisdom, holiness and love? Too wise to be mistaken; too good to be unkind. That is what I’ve asked from him; “Take my life and let it be consecrated Lord to Thee.” Then I take what he gives me and I love him still. If you reject my dear sovereign Lord then who is in charge of what enters your life? The pride and presumption of man? The hatred of the devil? The roll of a dice? The bouncing of balls in some cosmic lottery, one ball of which has ‘cancer’ written on it, and another ‘road accident,’ and another ‘stillborn’, and another ‘Alzheimer’s disease’? Is it all mere luck in this world – this world of order and design and purpose? You exclude God and the alternative is bleak fatalism.
You know how the sovereign power of God is affirmed in the Bible, in Daniel 4:35; God “does as he pleases with the powers of heaven and the peoples of the earth. No-one can hold back his hand or say to him: ‘What have you done?’” On the lips of Jesus; “All authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth” (Matt. 28:18).Paul writing in Ephesians 1:22, “And God placed all things under Christ’s feet and appointed him to be head over everything for the church.” Job says, “I know that you can do all things; no plan of yours can be thwarted” (Job 42:2). The psalmist cries with delight, “Our God is in the heavens. He has done whatsoever he pleases” (Ps. 115:3). Paul tells the Romans, “But who are you, O man, to talk back to God? Shall what is formed say to him who formed it, ‘Why did you make me like this?’ Does not the potter have the right to make out of the same lump of clay some pottery for noble purposes and some for common use?” (Roms. 9:20&21). The mighty rule of God is a theme of the Bible and the delight of its writers.
People often think of the Bible’s teaching about God’s sovereignty as a rather dark or depressing truth, and yet it fills the Son of God with joy. It is often presented in the context of psalms and praises and worship within the Scripture. When the angels sing “Glory to God in the highest” they go on to bless God for those particular people on whom his favour rests. We find in Romans 9 to 11 that Paul’s expounds God’s sovereign purposes and the climax is an outburst of praise: “Oh, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable his judgments, and his paths beyond tracing out! Who has known the mind of the Lord? Or who has been his counsellor? Who has ever given to God, that God should repay him? For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be the glory for ever! Amen” (Roms. 11:33-36). Jesus rejoices that his Father is in comprehensive control of this world. In other words, that God does not look away for five minutes and in that moment your husband finds another woman more attractive, or in that moment you lose control of the car, or when God was not on guard a virus slipped through and struck down you or your loved ones. No. God is the continued Sovereign Ruler of the rolling spheres, moment by moment, and of all that occurs in them. Let me quote to you from John Piper. I’m not hiding behind him. I don’t need to do that. I stand by my own convictions about God’s sovereignty because that is taught in the Bible, but John Piper is famous and popular and he says the following well.
John Piper says that he would not respond to the murderous destruction of the World Trade Towers on September 11, 2001 by saying, “God did not cause it, but he can use it for good.” This is what he has written and I read it years ago and it ‘impacted me’ as they say. “There are two reasons I do not say ‘God did not cause it, but he can use it for good.’ One is that those words go beyond, and are contrary to, what the Bible teaches. The other is that it undermines the very hope it wants to offer.
“First, this statement goes beyond and against the Bible. For some, all they want to say, is to point out that God did not ‘cause’ the calamity, in other words, that God is not a sinner, that God does not remove human accountability, and that God is compassionate. Fine! That is true – and precious beyond words. But for others, and for most people who hear this slogan, something far more is implied. Namely, God, by his very nature, cannot or would not act to bring about such a calamity. This view of God is what contradicts the Bible and undercuts hope. How God governs all events in the universe without sinning, without removing responsibility from man, and with compassion is mysterious indeed, but that is what the Bible teaches. God ‘works all things after the counsel of his will’ (Ephesians 1:11).
“This ‘all things’ includes the fall of sparrows (Matthew 10:29), the rolling of dice (Proverbs 16:33), the slaughter of his people (Psalm 44:11), the decisions of kings (Proverbs 21:1), the failing of sight (Exodus 4:11), the sickness of children (2 Samuel 12:15), the loss and gain of money (1 Samuel 2:7), the suffering of saints (1 Peter 4:19), the completion of travel plans (James 4:15), the persecution of Christians (Hebrews 12:4-7), the repentance of souls (2 Timothy 2:25), the gift of faith (Philippians 1:29), the pursuit of holiness (Philippians 3:12-13), the growth of believers (Hebrews 6:3), the giving of life and the taking in death (1 Samuel 2:6), and the crucifixion of his Son (Acts
4:27-28).
“In case we miss the point, the Bible speaks most clearly of God’s sovereign control in the most painful situations. Amos asks, in time of disaster, ‘If a calamity occurs in a city has not the LORD done it?’ (Amos 3:6). After losing all ten of his children in the collapse of his son’s house, Job says, ‘The LORD gave and the LORD has taken away. Blessed be the name of the LORD’ (Job 1:21). After being covered with boils he says, ‘Shall we indeed accept good from God and not accept adversity?’ (Job 2:10).
“Oh, yes, Satan is real and active and involved in this world of woe. In fact Job 2:7 says, ‘Satan went out from the presence of the LORD and smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot to the crown of his head.’ Satan was permitted to strike him. But Job did not get comfort from looking at secondary causes. He got comfort from looking at the ultimate cause. ‘Shall we not accept adversity from God?’ And the author of the book agrees with Job when he says that Job’s brothers and sisters ‘consoled him and comforted him for all the adversities that the LORD had brought on him’ (Job 42:11). Then in the New Testament James underlines God’s purposeful goodness in Job’s misery: ‘You have heard of the endurance of Job and have seen the outcome of the Lord’s dealings, that the Lord is full of compassion and is merciful’ (James 5:11). Job himself concludes in prayer: ‘I know that you can do all things, and that no purpose of yours can be thwarted’ (Job 42:2). Yes, Satan is real, and he is terrible – and he is on a leash.
“The other reason I don’t say, ‘God did not cause the calamity, but he can use it for good,’ is that it undercuts the very hope it wants to create . . . The Bible teaches that God could have restrained this evil (Genesis 20:6). ‘The LORD nullifies the counsel of the nations; He frustrates the plans of the peoples’ (Psalm 33:10). He destroyed the whole Assyrian army without using the Israelite army at all. He smote them down. But it was not in his plan to smite the assassins before they flew the planes into the Twin Towers. We have no idea how many terrorists he brings to justice or whose plans he thwarts before they destroy. Let us beware. If we spare God the burden of his living active sovereignty then we lose our only hope. We will not be rejoicing as Jesus rejoiced here that his Father was the Sovereign Lord who controlled the world.
“All of us are sinners. We deserve to perish. Every breath we take is an undeserved gift. We have one great hope: that Jesus Christ died to obtain pardon and righteousness for us (Ephesians 1:7; 2 Corinthians 5:21), and that God will employ his all-conquering, sovereign grace to preserve us for our inheritance (Jeremiah 32:40). We surrender this hope if we sacrifice this sovereignty.” That is what John Piper said, and I thank God he said it. God’s sovereign lordship over heaven and earth is the theme of our rejoicing.
21st February 2010 GEOFF THOMAS